Tuesday 14 June 2011

GEMINATION AND FUSION ( DOUBLE TEETH )


Fusion and gemination are irregularities in tooth development and it is common to refer to these anomalies as ‘double teeth’. In gemination subdivision of the tooth bud is
incomplete, giving rise to two dental units, the width of which in the mesio-distal
dimension can be twice the dimensions of a single dental unit. This bifid tooth is considered as a single tooth unit, the number of teeth is normal and the double tooth shares a pulp chamber. By contrast, in fusion the originally separate tooth buds unite at the crown level (enamel) or at the crown and root levels (enamel and dentine). The number of teeth is ‘normal-1’ and the pulp chambers are separate. Both anomalies
occur more frequently in the primary dentition, particularly in the canine–incisor region.
They appear to follow preferential morphological patterns during formation, preferably
involving maxillary central and lateral incisors and mandibular lateral incisors and canines.

To explain the cause fusion, may be due to  lack of space as the cause of deep penetration of the dental follicles, while gemination can be interpreted as an attempt of a supernumerary tooth to form.

                                REF:IEJ, 41, 538–546, 2008

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